Intraoperative Patient Management in Some Challenging Cases: Thoracic Surgery During Covid-19 Pandemic

Peek GJ, Mugford M, Tiruvoipati R, Wilson A, et al. Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet.2009;374:1351-63.
ECLS registry report, international summary. Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, Ann Arbor, MI, July, 2018. Available from: https://www.elso.org/Registry/Statistics/International- Summary.aspx [accessed: July 12, 2018].
Abrams D, Bacchetta M, Brodie D. Recirculation in venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxy- genation. ASAIO J 2015;61(2):115-21.
Napp LC, Kuhn C, Hoeper MM, et al. Cannulation strategies for percutaneous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in adults. Clin Res Cardiol 2016;105(4):283-96.
Shaheen A, Tanaka D, Cavarocchi NC, et al. Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxyge- nation (V V ECMO): Indications, Preprocedural Considerations, and Technique. J Card Surg 2016;31(4):248-52.
Hryniewicz K, Sandoval Y, Samara M, et al. Percutaneous Venoarterial Extracorporeal Memb- rane Oxygenation for Refractory Cardiogenic Shock Is Associated with Improved Short- and Long-Term Survival. ASAIO J 2016;62(4):397-402.
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (2013) Registryreport.Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.
Doymaz S, Zinger M, Sweberg T. Risk factors associated with intracranial hemorrhage in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension on ECMO. J Intensive Care. 2015;3:6-7.
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization, ELSO anticoagulation guidelines 2014.
Doymaz S. Anticoagulation during ECMO: The Past, Present and Future. Journal of Intensive and Critical Care. 2018;4:2-12.
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1301-8.
Guervilly C, Prudhomme E, Pauly V, Bourenne J, et al. Prone positioning and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: time for a randomized trial? Intensive Care Med. 2019;45:1040-42.
Eryuksel E, Yalcin A, Guven P, Turan C, et. al. Clinical Experience Receiving ECMO for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Yoğun Bakım Derg 2017;8:6-9.
Mols G, Loop T, Geiger K, Farthmann E, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a ten-year experience. Am J Surg 2000;180:144-54.
Pereszlenyi A, Lang G, Steltzer H, Hetz H, et. al. Bilateral lung transplantation with intra- and postoperatively prolonged ECMO support in patients with pulmonary hypertension. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery. 2002;21:858-63.
Ueno T, Smith JA, Snell GI, Williams TJ, et, al. Bilateral sequential single lung transplantation for pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger’s syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69:381-87.
Bermudez CA, Adusumilli PS, McCurry KR, Zaldonis D, et. al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: long term survival. Ann Thorac Surg 2009;87:854-60.
Simonneau G, Gatzoulis MA, Adatia I et al. Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2013;62(25 Suppl):D34-41.
Pengo V, Lensing AW, Prins MH et al. Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. The New England journal of medicine 2004;350(22):2257-64.
Nierlich P, Ristl R. Perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation bridging in patients undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy. Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery 2016;22(2):181-87.
Thistlethwaite PA, Madani MM, Kemp AD, et al. Venovenous extracorporeal life support after pulmonary endarterectomy: indications, techniques, and outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg. 2006;82: 2139‐46.
Boulate D, Mercier O, Mussot S, et al. Extracorporeal life support after pulmonary endarterectomy as a bridge to recovery or transplantation: lessons from 31 consecutive patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2016; 102: 260‐68.

Oey IF, Peek GJ, Firmin RK, Waller DA. Post-pneumonectomy video- assisted thoracoscopic bullectomy using extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001;20:874-76.
Rinieri P, Peillon C, Bessou J-P, Veber B, et. al.National review of use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as respiratory support in thoracic surgery excluding lung transplantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015;47:87-94.
Lei J, Su K, Li XF, Zhou YA, et al. ECMO assisted carinal resection and reconstruction after left pneumonectom. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010;5:89.
Criner GJ, Cordova F, Sternberg AL, Martinez FJ. The National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT) Part II: lessons learned about lung volume reduction surgery. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;184:881-93.
Centella T, Oliva E, Andrade G, Epeldegui A. The use of membrane oxy- genator with extracorporeal circulation in bronchoalvealar lavage for alveolar proteinosis. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg 2005;4:447-49.
Bedeir K, Seethala R, Kelly E. Extracorporeal life support in trauma: worth the risk? A systematic review of published series. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017;82:400-406.
Cheng R, Hachamovitch R, Kittleson M, et. al. Complications of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock and Cardiac Arrest: A Meta-Analysis of 1,866 Adult Patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2014;97:610-16.
Grant AA, Hart JV, Lineen BE, Badiye A, et. al. A Weaning Protocol for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation With a Review of the Literature. Artif Organs. 2018;42(6):605-610. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 97: 610-16.
Fiser SM, Tribble CG, Kaza AK, et al: When to discontinue extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postcardiotomy support. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001; 71:210-14.
Platts DG, Sedqwick JF, Burstow DJ, et al: The role of echocar- diography in the management of patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012; 25:131-41.
Santelices LC, Wang Y, Severyn D, et al: Development of a hybrid decision support model for optimal ventricular device weaning. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010; 90:713-20.
Ramanathan K, Antognini D, Combes A, Paden M, et. al.Planning and provision of ECMO services for severe ARDS during the COVID-19 pandemic and other outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases www.thelancet.com/respiratory Published online. 2020;20.